22 Nanda Nursing Diagnosis for Schizophrenia Clients

Schizophrenia Nursing Diagnosis Nanda
Definition

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by a breakdown of thought processes and by poor emotional responsiveness. It most commonly features auditory hallucinations, paranoid or bizarre delusions, or disorganized speech and thinking, and it is accompanied by significant social or occupational dysfunction.

Signs and Symptoms

Usually with schizophrenia, the person's inner world and behavior change notably. Behavior changes might include the following:
  • Social withdrawal
  • Agitation or anxiety
  • Depersonalization (intense anxiety and a feeling of being unreal)
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of hygiene
  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations (for example, hearing things not actually present)
  • The sense of being controlled by outside forces
People with schizophrenia can experience symptoms that may be grouped under the following categories:
  • Positive symptoms: hearing voices, suspiciousness, feeling under constant surveillance, delusions, or making up words without a meaning (neologisms)
  • Negative (or deficit) symptoms: social withdrawal, difficulty in expressing emotions (in extreme cases called blunted affect), difficulty in taking care of themselves, inability to feel pleasure (These symptoms cause severe impairment and are often mistaken for laziness.)
  • Cognitive symptoms: difficulties attending to and processing of information, in understanding the environment, and in remembering simple tasks
  • Affective (or mood) symptoms: most notably depression, accounting for a very high rate of attempted suicide in people suffering from schizophrenia
Causes
The causes of schizophrenia are not known. However, an interplay of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors are thought to be involved. We do not yet understand all the causes and other issues involved, but current research is making steady progress toward elucidating and defining causes of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are thought to have many risk factors in common.


Nanda Nursing Diagnosis for Schizophrenia Clients - 22 Nursing Diagnosis
  1. Anxiety
  2. Bathing or hygiene self-care deficit
  3. Disabled family coping
  4. Disturbed body image
  5. Disturbed personal identity
  6. Disturbed sensory perception (auditory, visual, kinesthetic)
  7. Disturbed sleep pattern
  8. Disturbed thought processes
  9. Dressing or grooming self-care deficit
  10. Fear
  11. Hopelessness
  12. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
  13. Impaired home maintenance
  14. Impaired social interaction
  15. Impaired verbal communication
  16. Ineffective coping
  17. Ineffective role performance
  18. Powerlessness
  19. Risk for injury
  20. Risk for other-directed violence
  21. Risk for self-directed violence
  22. Social isolation

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