Nursing Care Plan for Asthma
Asthma is the leading cause of chronic disease in children, which causes the majority of school days lost due to chronic diseases. Approximately 80-90% of children with asthma get the first symptoms before the age of 4-5 years. At one time during the child will have symptoms and signs in accordance with asthma.
Severe asthma is difficult to predict. Most children who suffer a fraction will suffer severe asthma that is difficult to treat, usually more is chronic rather than seasonal. Which causes helplessness and significantly affect day-to-day school, play activities, and daily functioning. It is an unpleasant thing when in times of play and activity, children disturbed because of illness. This of course requires special attention in the form of care, treatment and prevention.
Therefore asthma require special handling, especially in children who are always filled with joy in the days of play and activity in everyday life, with the involvement of health professionals from a variety of multidisciplinary fields. In nursing care, nurses have a role as professionals that act provides nursing care, health education to parents, provide information on the definition, signs and symptoms, and prevention independently or collaboratively with various parties.
Definition
Asthma is a disease with a characteristic increase in the trachea and bronchi reaction by various originators accompanied by the onset of constriction outside the lower respiratory tract that can vary the degree spontaneously or with treatment.
Cause
Extrinsic factors : Found in a small number of adult patients and is caused by allergens that are known because of the sensitivity of individual, usually a protein, in the form of pollen that life, animal fuzz, lint or more rarely to food such as milk or chocolate, pollution.
Intrinsic factor: This factor is often not found the trigger factors that clear. Nonspefisik factors, such as the common cold, physical or emotional exercise can trigger an asthma attack. This intrinsic asthma is usually due to heredity and also often develop after the age of 40 years. With attacks arising after nasal or sinus infection at trakeobronchial branching.
Signs and Symptoms
The classic symptoms of asthma consist of cough, breathlessness and wheezing and most patients with chest pain. These symptoms do not always occur together, so that there is some degree of asthmatics as follows:
Level I: asthmatics clinically normal. Asthma symptoms occur when there is a trigger factor.
Level II: asthmatics without complaint and without abnormalities on physical examination but lung function showed signs of airway obstruction.
Level III: asthmatics without classes but on physical examination and lung function showed airway obstruction.
Level IV: asthmatics are most often found complaining of shortness of breath, coughing and wheezing.
On physical examination and spirometry will find airway obstruction. In severe asthma attack symptoms include: Compression respirator muscles, especially the muscles of the sternum, cyanosis, silent chest, disturbance of consciousness, patient looked tired, chest hyperinflation and tachycardia.
Level V: status asthmaticus, namely; Severe acute asthma attacks are refrater while on treatment directly used.
Asthma is the leading cause of chronic disease in children, which causes the majority of school days lost due to chronic diseases. Approximately 80-90% of children with asthma get the first symptoms before the age of 4-5 years. At one time during the child will have symptoms and signs in accordance with asthma.
Severe asthma is difficult to predict. Most children who suffer a fraction will suffer severe asthma that is difficult to treat, usually more is chronic rather than seasonal. Which causes helplessness and significantly affect day-to-day school, play activities, and daily functioning. It is an unpleasant thing when in times of play and activity, children disturbed because of illness. This of course requires special attention in the form of care, treatment and prevention.
Therefore asthma require special handling, especially in children who are always filled with joy in the days of play and activity in everyday life, with the involvement of health professionals from a variety of multidisciplinary fields. In nursing care, nurses have a role as professionals that act provides nursing care, health education to parents, provide information on the definition, signs and symptoms, and prevention independently or collaboratively with various parties.
Asthma is a disease with a characteristic increase in the trachea and bronchi reaction by various originators accompanied by the onset of constriction outside the lower respiratory tract that can vary the degree spontaneously or with treatment.
Cause
Extrinsic factors : Found in a small number of adult patients and is caused by allergens that are known because of the sensitivity of individual, usually a protein, in the form of pollen that life, animal fuzz, lint or more rarely to food such as milk or chocolate, pollution.
Intrinsic factor: This factor is often not found the trigger factors that clear. Nonspefisik factors, such as the common cold, physical or emotional exercise can trigger an asthma attack. This intrinsic asthma is usually due to heredity and also often develop after the age of 40 years. With attacks arising after nasal or sinus infection at trakeobronchial branching.
Signs and Symptoms
The classic symptoms of asthma consist of cough, breathlessness and wheezing and most patients with chest pain. These symptoms do not always occur together, so that there is some degree of asthmatics as follows:
Level I: asthmatics clinically normal. Asthma symptoms occur when there is a trigger factor.
Level II: asthmatics without complaint and without abnormalities on physical examination but lung function showed signs of airway obstruction.
Level III: asthmatics without classes but on physical examination and lung function showed airway obstruction.
Level IV: asthmatics are most often found complaining of shortness of breath, coughing and wheezing.
On physical examination and spirometry will find airway obstruction. In severe asthma attack symptoms include: Compression respirator muscles, especially the muscles of the sternum, cyanosis, silent chest, disturbance of consciousness, patient looked tired, chest hyperinflation and tachycardia.
Level V: status asthmaticus, namely; Severe acute asthma attacks are refrater while on treatment directly used.
